Saturday, February 4, 2012

The house Inspection The most crucial Part to ... - Home Improvement

When we?re out buying a brand new home, sometimes all of us let the emotions dominate. We visit a beautiful house with beautiful furnishings, accent walls along with other decor. We spot the cleanliness from the bathrooms as well as kitchens along with a well structured garage. We come out into the actual backyard as well as notice an attractive pool, landscape designs and sights to pass away for. You may also return towards the house 2 or 3 times before you decide to decide this is actually the home for you personally.

Does the above mentioned scenario problem? It is actually an daily occurrence. Nevertheless, when actuality sets within, you may determine there isn?t any ?perfect? house. You now go to hire an authorized Home Examination Company to do the examination.

Cosmetic flaws inside a home shouldn?t be a actual concern. You need to be worried more using what is behind everything beautiful decoration.

No issue how psychological and excited you may feel in regards to a property, also have the house inspection carried out. This is really a buyer price and can?t be negotiated having a seller. This investment may be worth every cent, and here?s why:

1. The materials items and also the decor inside a home can be quite distracting, whereby possible flaws or even defects in your home go without warning. You very easily can neglect things whenever your emotions play an issue.

2. Should you spent your time and effort previewing houses by flushing lavatories, checking kitchen sinks and faucets with regard to leaks, screening the microwave, stove, and dishwasher you?d only get to check out a couple of homes per day. It is actually too time intensive. The house should be inspected with a professional which deals in most home building trades.

3. Did a person check the actual flue within the fireplace? Did you increase in the actual attic as well as check the actual trusses or even air handler? Do you look at the roofing for possible leaks or even broken tiles? Let us hope a person answered ?no? in order to these queries. Potential house buyers typically don?t have the period or the actual expertise to become performing these kinds of tasks.

Source: http://outofstepfarms.com/the-house-inspection-the-most-crucial-part-to-purchasing-a-house/

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Friday, February 3, 2012

The Double Negative ? Oliver Braid: My Five New Friends

For 18 months, artist Oliver Braid has been on a mission; aiming to become friends with the five most attractive male undergraduates from Glasgow School of Art, documenting each relationship, sparing none of the details. Described as ?one part teenager?s bedroom and one part labyrinthine fantasy film?, My Five New Friends scrutinises our attitudes to social media and ?real life? relationships; how we initiate friendships; whether we really get to know people; and ultimately how we search for happiness. We caught up with Braid as he was installing this ?solo show with lots and lots of special guest cameos?? at The Royal Standard Gallery.

The Double Negative: Where did the ideas come from for My Five New Friends?

Oliver Braid: While studying my MFA at Glasgow School of Art there were these boys I would see around, and they stood out because I found them very beautiful. Around this time I was getting worried about my social life ? I felt like I really had to be in the studio working but, even though I loved it, it was detracting from life in the real world ? meeting new people is tricky if you?re always locked away cutting and gluing on a Friday night! So I began trying to make work which might ?inject? me into people?s lives.

One of my works in the GSA degree show was a drawing that included each of these beautiful boys; I took their photos from Facebook without them knowing and surprised them when the show opened. It was like a compliment and an invitation all in one. I had real difficulty relating to men when I was younger, even until about the age of 22 or 23 I was still very shy about talking to men. M5NF is a DIY therapeutic experiment to help me better understand how I related to men in particular.

After the exhibition, I started to see each of these boys as regularly as they would allow, after-which I would write up a diary for each boy. The diaries were edited by myself and two great writers, Sam Ball and Stephen O?Toole, and an online archive was designed by amazing curatorial duo It?s Our Playground. The exhibition at The Royal Standard is the culmination of this on-going evolutionary process.

TDN: Your interaction with the 5 men involved, and the aims of your relationship with them, has been quite mischievousness from the beginning. What has been the reaction to the ideas within the exhibition and its focus on individuals who you have a ?questionable? relationship with?

OB: I suppose the first people whose reactions you might expect me to consider are that of the boys who inspired the project. I said boys, but I notice you say men. I should probably say men too; there is something admittedly a bit more disturbing about using the word boys! Each reacted in a fairly different way and I would say that three of them expressed initially more interest in getting involved, two of them were harder and required a bit more chasing!

I tried to be honest and open with them during the whole situation and actually wanted to, however optimistically, become their friend. I suppose what I forgot about friendship is that sometimes no matter how much you try to work on a relationship things come up, making it harder to continue. My resolve to really understand these relationships meant that at times I was put in extremely emotionally draining situations and I don?t think people really consider how emotionally invested I am ? it?s easy for people to assume what I?m doing is just a bit of a LOL.

I think one of the biggest issues that we faced was trust and trying to implore them to let go of any pre-conceived ideas about my intentions. One told me his friends thought he was crazy for getting involved with me, but I think again that comes from people thinking they know me or know what I?m like.

The idea first came from a Derek Jarman story; he says how when he was a young man he thought he was an ?ugly duckling? but looking back as an older man he realised he wasn?t that bad. I always feel like an ugly duckling too and I think I projected that onto the boys I saw around me at school. I worried that they might think they were ugly, and I wanted them to know that at some point in their lives there was someone telling them otherwise. So it starts with a positive and optimistic intention; whether that positivity and optimism is correctly received or antagonises is something I?m totally interested in exploring.

TDN: Are you guilty of directing the participants in your exhibitions, portraying them as more hideous or embarrassing than they actually are?

OB: I am only interested in truth, or truths and stories generated from honesty. I?m not saying I?m there yet or I?ve reached a point of full honesty with myself ? but I?m really very interested in trying to continue to develop this focus in my life.

I don?t think there are any incidents and sentiments in, for example, My Five New Friends that everyone isn?t able to identify with if they very honest ? and not being embarrassed. But also realising that embarrassment is actually a very warm feeling because it reminds us of the universal capacity to embarrass ourselves.

For me the emotional empathy triggered by perceiving a loved one to have ?failed? in their attempt at seriousness in a cultural or social situation is a very physical reaction ? the clench ? but also very unifying. Addressing the role that seriousness plays in my life is currently an obsession of mine, I?m also thinking a lot about the impact of fear.

?There is something about stalking that is almost the ultimate in optimism?

TDN: The arts scene can be pretty small; aren?t you concerned about offending people that you may work with at some point?

OB: Ever since my project of 2009 called Jamie Radcliffe: The Exhibition (I invited 100 artists to make works in response to the Facebook profile of a high school crush I had hacked), there seems to be the assumption that I am setting out to offend. I spent so much time hearing that from other people that I almost began to believe it myself.

I?m never setting out to offend, I?m always trying to bestow complements and be their friend ? it?s just people are not really very used to nice-ness, they find it easier to imagine darkness behind that.

Sometimes I am definitely guilty of misunderstanding people?s desires or mis-predicting what they are going to find pleasurable, but this is because by nature I?m a very optimistic person and find it hard not to just keep on trying and trying with people. Possibly that?s what stalkers say too, but there is something about stalking that is almost the ultimate in optimism; you get an idea of a future happiness in your head and nothing can stop you from trying to pin it down or follow where it leads.

What I love about the UK art scene is that you can move anywhere you like and almost instantly have access to a whole new set of friends!

TDN: What and who influences your work?

Other people and my relationships with them have always been something I?ve paid a lot of attention too, so they end up feeding into my work. For a long time I felt that this wasn?t ?legitimate? enough to present to other people and it took me a long time to get over that, and to realise that I didn?t have to fit into other people?s ideas of what is legitimate and serious.

Often my best ideas come from spending days working and thinking in my studio and then going out with my friends at night. Usually when I?m out, all the disparate ideas I might have during the day find a resolution. It often comes from a sentence and then I begin to map it out from there. I usually start by trying to answer the following three questions accurately: What do I want to do most in life, how does it relate to contemporary art and histories of art, and why does it need to be shared with an audience?

The artists that have most directly influenced my work are usually artists I?ve had regular contact with while growing up ? most usually my peers?Ellen Wright, Roxy Topia, Ellie Harrison and It?s Our Playground were all very influential as both friends and artists.

Beyond that I always find myself returning for the philosophical input of Quentin Crisp (especially his book Manners from Heaven) and I am also very interested in a certain dual nature that I can identify in the work of David Hoyle. In addition to this it?s difficult for me not to mention things like Big Brother contestants (especially Makosi Musambasi and Craig Coates), time lurking on Facebook and the comic work of Julia Davis.

How did you come to collaborate with Its Our Playground and what do they bring to your work?

Joey, one half of IOP, was in the year below me on the MFA at Glasgow.? I think I was quite drunk the first time I met him and I remember hugging him but also being a bit outraged by his wildly stylish French look. His studio was just two down from mine and so we spent a lot of time chasing each other round, throwing balls or Frisbees at each other and looking at funny things on the internet.

He was involved with a project called White Corners at that time, which he ran with Camille (the other half of IOP). As with many artists who are friends, we have similar aesthetic and conceptual interests and this probably played a role in us spending more time together and finding common ground between our own practices.

I was always really into John Water?s Dreamlanders and how they?d all known each other and grown old together through their involvement with those films. I love it when people?s relationships begin to be articulated through their collaborations.

TDN: Why The Royal Standard?

OB: Basically I just LOVE Liverpool. I lived there from 2006 ? 2008, had an amazing time and met lots of? great people. I can?t wait to be in Liverpool again for the whole week of the installation, I?m going to go to Lobster Pot and Buffet Star as much as I possibly can! But I?m also expecting some changes.? I was really sad to hear about A Foundation?s Greenland Street site closing down. I worked there for two seasons and enjoyed it so much, it?s a real shame it isn?t there, for visitors and workers alike.

For me to come back to Liverpool with this exhibition is sort of like a strange homecoming. I feel a real attachment to it. In Glasgow I work as part of a therapy group for artist?s called Artists Anonymous and one day I found myself talking about my teenage ideas of ?my first solo show?. I think when I was younger I imagined that this momentous occasion would be filled with characters from my past, all living members of my family, the whole caboodle.

But actually that?s rarely the case, and although I know it won?t be 100% like that at The Royal Standard, I am hoping to see some faces that I haven?t since for a few years and I?ll look forward to that a lot.

Additionally I always think of Liverpool as being the first place I ever held a solo show ? again a collaborative venture ? A Proper Horrorshow at the old Red Wire Gallery, with Roxy Topia.

TDN: What?s next for you?

OB: Every Friday lunchtime during 2012, from 12-12.30pm I am co-hosting a radio show with my friend, flatmate and artist Ellie Harrison. Quite soon after M5NF opens I?ll be presenting a new short performance at Tramway in Glasgow. Called ?You?ll Get Used To It?, it?s based on the reception of unexpected aesthetics; I?m only working with collaborators who are either going through or have gone through the male pattern balding process.

www.oliverbraid.com

Posted on 02/02/2012 by thedoublenegative

Source: http://www.thedoublenegative.co.uk/2012/02/oliver-braid-my-five-new-friends/

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Thursday, February 2, 2012

Gold IRA: Options For Investing In Gold Using A Self-Directed IRA Or ...

The past few years have proven to be incredible for gold investors, and as a result more and more people are looking for ways to invest in Gold using their IRA and 401(k). The good news is there are many options available to you for investing in Gold using your retirement accounts, but depending on which type of gold investment you wish to make, you may need a different type of retirement account.

Investing in Gold with a Traditional IRA

A traditional IRA is a retirement account under your control that is held at a brokerage (ie Fidelity, Edward Jones, etc.). With these accounts you typically have the ability to invest in whatever options are offered by the brokerage, including stocks, bonds, mutual funds, ETF?s, etc. With precious metals ? gold in particular ? performing so well of late, there are a lot of funds now that offer investors the ability to invest in gold. If your broker doesn?t offer the fund you want, you can easily move your IRA over to a different broker who does ? you control the account. Here are a few of the options you should have available to you in a traditional IRA account:

Gold Mutual Funds:
Mutual funds can offer gold investment exposure, however, make sure you read through the fund?s prospectus carefully to ensure you fully understand what they are getting. A mutual fund might call themselves a gold investment fund, but what that exactly constitutes is open for debate. Do they lump gold in with precious metals? Do they require a certain percentage of assets to remain invested in gold bullion? What percentage of assets do they allow to be invested in gold mining companies? If they allow investments into gold mining companies, what percentage of those companies? revenues must be derived from gold mining? These are just a few of the answers you need to look for in the prospectus. In addition, with mutual funds you need to pay attention to management fees as well. Here is a list of precious metal mutual funds.

Gold ETFs:
ETFs have become much more popular over the years thanks to their lower management fees. Unlike mutual funds, ETFs aren?t actively managed, which helps keep their fees low. If you are looking for a true gold investment, ETFs are going to be your best bet. As with mutual funds, you need to pay attention to asset allocation, but there are options available that only invest in gold bullion and also offer low expense rates.

If you want to invest in gold, and gold only, you can look at something like SPDR Gold Trust (GLD) or iShares Gold Trust (IAU). Or, if you want to diversify into a basket of precious metals, there are options for that as well. Again, just make sure to read through the documentation carefully so you understand what you are investing in. Here is a list of precious metal ETFs.

Gold Mining Stocks:
If you want some exposure to gold, but are looking for additional upside potential, gold mining stocks might be for you. While gold mining stocks are impacted by the price of gold, it is important to remember that there are many other factors that can cause gold mining stocks to go up or down beyond the price of gold. Here are some additional things that can impact share value for gold mining stocks:

  • How much does it cost the gold miner to get their gold out of the ground? Is this cost increasing or decreasing?
  • The amount of gold the company is expected to have in their mines (gold reserves). Is the company increasing this through new mining endeavors or acquisitions, or is this number decreasing?
  • Faith in management and leadership
  • Is the company an acquisition target for larger companies? Gold mining companies are bought and sold all the time as larger fish look for ways to expand their gold reserves. If a small company recently discovered a new large new mine, or doesn?t have the resources to fully take advantage of the mines they are currently operating, it is likely they are being looked at closely by larger companies as a potential acquisition target.
  • In addition to gold, there will also be other precious metals present in the mines. What additional metals are being mined? What are the values of these, and the corresponding cost of extraction?

This list is not meant to be exhaustive, but simply to get you thinking about all the different things that can impact share price beyond gold price increases and decreases.

Here is a list of gold mining companies.

The Traditional 401(k) For Gold Investments

401(k) accounts can sometimes be tricky for investors looking for ways to invest in alternative investments like gold. Typically these accounts are controlled by your employer, and as a result you are restricted to the investment options offered as part of your employer?s plan. If you don?t like them, your only option is to leave the company, at which point you could roll those funds into an IRA.

If your company offers a self-directed 401(k) plan, which allows you to choose whichever investments you want that are offered by the broker (ie Charles Schwab, E-Trade, etc.), then theoretically you have all the same options available to you that the IRA investor does (detailed above). However, the more likely scenario is that your investment options are limited to a select number of mutual funds and/or ETFs. There might be one or two funds available to you that track precious metals or commodities, but that is about the best you can hope for in this case. The problem is that when you buy into a fund investing in commodities or precious metals, you are not getting a true investment in gold. Sure, the fund might invest in gold, but it is also likely investing in silver, copper and other metals. If it is a commodity fund, then along with gold, you will also be investing in agricultural items like corn and coffee.

The ultimate Gold IRA ? The Self-Directed IRA

A self-directed IRA gives you the most options for investing in gold. The difference between a traditional IRA and a self-directed IRA, is that a self-directed IRA custodian will allow you to invest in non-traditional assets ? in addition to traditional ones (stocks, bonds, mutual funds & ETFs). With a traditional IRA you can invest in gold bullion through an ETF, but you can?t actually buy the bullion itself, nor can you buy gold coins.

A self-Directed IRA allows you to invest in everything available to traditional IRA gold investors, but in addition you can also purchase physical gold bullion and gold coins. One caveat to this is that you are not allowed to invest in collectables inside retirement accounts ? so you cannot invest in collectable coins. The guideline the IRS has set is that the coin needs to be at least 99.5% pure to qualify as an investment. Also remember that if you buy physical gold bullion or gold coins, you need to account for storage and insurance costs.
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Source: http://www.goobuzz.com/3701/gold-ira-options-for-investing-in-gold-using-a-self-directed-ira-or-nuwire-investor/

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Camera-equipped iPod nano may still be in the works

Some fresh pictures of a camera-equipped iPod nano have slipped out, indicating that Apple's music player may be due for an update soon. Aside from the camera, the overall design doesn't seem to have changed much from the previous generation.


Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TheIphoneBlog/~3/VkuS7CJvBf0/story01.htm

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Wednesday, February 1, 2012

Is Today's Beef Better For The Environment?

Beef cattle stand in a barn on the Larson Farms feedlot in Maple Park, Ill. Enlarge DANIEL ACKER/Landov

Beef cattle stand in a barn on the Larson Farms feedlot in Maple Park, Ill.

DANIEL ACKER/Landov

Beef cattle stand in a barn on the Larson Farms feedlot in Maple Park, Ill.

The American beef industry has taken a bit of a beating in recent years. Beef has been linked to heart disease and cancer and hamburgers have been recalled. We're also often told that cattle require a lot of precious food and water to make tender steaks.

But a study wants to rectify beef's image as an environmental miscreant. It says modern beef production is a lot kinder to the environment than it was 30 years ago.

Jude Capper, an assistant professor of dairy science at Washington State University who did the study, found that cattlemen used 33 percent less land, 12 percent less water, 19 percent less feed and 9 percent less fossil fuel energy in 2007 to produce the same amount of beef as they did in 1977. How? Mainly by getting more meat out of fewer cows.

"[The industry] knows far better how to care for, feed and manage cattle," Capper tells The Salt. Her study, which appeared in the Journal of Animal Science, was produced at the request of?and with some funding from?the industry.

?

Environmentalists agree that beef production is a lot more efficient than it used to be. But there are still problems, according to Chuck Benbrook, chief scientist at The Organic Center.

Consider the typical beef cow's diet. Corn, the food of choice at industrial feedlots to fatten cattle for slaughter, is a cheap and calorie-dense food source. But cows are designed mainly to digest grass, and a grain-heavy diet can over time irritate the digestive tract, which can require antibiotics as treatment. Benbrook says the huge quantity of antibiotics now being pumped into beef cattle for this and other health problems is bad for humans.

Capper's study also doesn't address the "downstream" effects of concentrated operations and their waste, environmentalists say. As feedlots get bigger, so do manure piles, says Doug Gurian-Sherman, senior scientist at the Union of Concerned Scientists.

"Think of a sponge," Gurian-Sherman tells The Salt. "You sprinkle a little water on it and the sponge will absorb it. If you put too much on it, it goes through. Feedlots often put way too much manure on nearby crops?more than can be absorbed?and it goes through into the groundwater or runs into streams."

Capper responds that it's that impossible to measure the effects of cattle manure on groundwater. But she says farms release less nitrogen and phosphorus, two nutrients in waste that can pollute waterways, than before.

Water is another point of contention. Gurian-Sherman says he's concerned that the industry has relocated to regions where water is scarce. "Feedlots have moved somewhat from California and Eastern states towards the drier parts of the great plains [which] exacerbates water issues [in those areas]," he says.

Beef still doesn't stack up that well against other meats, in terms of the resources that go into it. "Beef production is an inefficient way to produce food," says Gurian-Sherman. He says it takes more than twice the grain to produce a pound of beef as is required to produce a pound of chicken.

But even if Capper's study gives the industry more environmental credibility, some say it could stand to be more forthcoming about how it impacts the environment. In February the Environmental Protection Agency is expected to propose new or revised rules requiring better water quality data from large animal feeding operations.

Source: http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2012/02/01/146231643/is-todays-beef-better-for-the-environment?ft=1&f=1007

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Amazon 4Q results disappoint, stock tumbles

This Jan. 26, 2012 photo, shows a webpage on Amazon.com featuring Kindle e-book readers on a computer screen in Miami. Amazon.com Inc., reports quarterly financial results Tuesday, Jan. 31, 2012, after the market close.(AP Photo/Wilfredo Lee)

This Jan. 26, 2012 photo, shows a webpage on Amazon.com featuring Kindle e-book readers on a computer screen in Miami. Amazon.com Inc., reports quarterly financial results Tuesday, Jan. 31, 2012, after the market close.(AP Photo/Wilfredo Lee)

(AP) ? Amazon's fourth-quarter net income dropped sharply, weighed down by higher operating expenses even as revenue grew. Investors clobbered the online retailer's stock in after-hours trading, as the company also gave a disappointing forecast for the current period.

Seattle-based Amazon.com Inc. said Tuesday that its net income was $177 million, or 38 cents per share, in the three months that ended Dec. 31. That's down from $416 million, or 91 cents per share, a year earlier.

Revenue grew 35 percent to $17.4 billion, below the $18.3 billion that analysts polled by FactSet had expected.

Amazon's operating expenses, meanwhile, grew 38 percent to $17.2 billion. The company has been investing heavily in new sales-fulfillment centers so it can grow its business. That has cut into profits all of last year.

For the current quarter, Amazon is forecasting $12 billion to $13.4 billion in revenue. Analysts were expecting $13.42 billion. The company also said it may record an operating loss for the quarter. Its outlook was in the range of a loss of $200 million to a profit of $100 million for the three months ending in March.

Amazon said sales of its Kindle tablet computers and e-reader gadgets nearly tripled compared with the final quarter of 2010. As its custom, though, the company did not give exact sales numbers for the devices.

Amazon's stock dropped nearly $16.71, or 8.6 percent, to $177.73 in after-hours trading following the earnings announcement.

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/495d344a0d10421e9baa8ee77029cfbd/Article_2012-01-31-Earns-Amazon/id-e428e3588a6f4304b2e11b32fa92ecda

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Early intervention may curb dangerous college drinking

ScienceDaily (Jan. 30, 2012) ? The first few weeks of college are a critical time in shaping students' drinking habits. Now Penn State researchers have a tailored approach that may help prevent students from becoming heavy drinkers.

"Research shows there is a spike in alcohol-related consequences that occur in the first few weeks of the semester, especially with college freshmen," said Michael J. Cleveland, research associate at the Prevention Research Center and the Methodology Center. "If you can buffer that and get beyond that point and safely navigate through that passage, you reduce the risk of later problems occurring."

The researchers tested two different methods of intervention on incoming freshmen -- parent-based intervention and peer-based intervention. Cleveland and his colleagues found that students who were non-drinkers before starting college, and who received the parent-based intervention, were unlikely to escalate to heavy drinking when surveyed again during the fall semester of their first year.

Students who were heavy drinkers during the summer before college were more likely to transition out of that group if they received either parent-based intervention or peer-based intervention. However, if a heavy-drinker received both interventions, there was no enhanced effect. Cleveland reported online in Psychology of Addictive Behaviors that 8 percent of the incoming freshmen were heavy drinkers the summer before starting college. The researchers surveyed the students again during the fall semester and found 28 percent of the freshmen now drank heavily. The results of the study were based on a study of 1,275 high-risk matriculating college students originally conducted in 2006 by Rob Turrisi, professor of biobehavioral health. Turrisi and his colleagues randomly assigned students to one of four intervention groups -- parent-based intervention only, peer-based intervention only, both parent- and peer-based intervention or no intervention -- and then surveyed the students on their drinking behaviors the summer before they entered college and then again during their first fall semester.

The parent-based intervention involved parents receiving a 35-page handbook outlining how to discuss the issue of alcohol and how to relate to their college student. Parents were asked to fill out an evaluation of the booklet, which also served as a measure to determine how many parents read the material. All parents completed the evaluations.

For peer-based intervention, subjects met one-on-one with a trained peer facilitator once within the first two weeks on campus. The meetings were 45 to 60 minutes long and included "perceived and actual descriptive norms for drinking, drinking consequences, alcoholic caloric consumption and hours of exercise required to burn those calories," the researchers report.

All students included in the survey were former high school athletes, chosen because this group is considered at high risk for heavy alcohol use and its consequences, which include risky sex, driving drunk and personal injury or death.

In the new investigation, Cleveland and his colleagues approached the study differently. Rather than focusing on average levels of drinking -- peak blood alcohol content, drinks per weekend and drinks per week -- Cleveland reanalyzed the data using a person-centered approach to determine students' patterns of drinking as well as how the students responded to intervention. This allowed the researchers to examine how drinking patterns varied throughout the week as well as how the interventions could be linked to students' transitions from one sub-group to another.

"We found four sub-groups of drinkers, which is an important advance to understanding different types of drinking that were present in this college sample," said Cleveland.

The sub-groups included non-drinkers, who did not report drinking alcohol at all; weekend non-bingers, who tended to only consume alcohol socially on Fridays and Saturdays; weekend bingers, who were likely to report binge drinking and getting drunk in the past month on Fridays and Saturdays; and heavy drinkers, who reported drinking every day of the week, most notably Thursdays.

Although neither intervention strategy appeared to influence the weekend drinkers, whether bingers or non-bingers, the intervention effects on the nondrinkers and heavy drinkers were promising, said Cleveland.

"From here we may be able to tailor the intervention to different types of students, identifying those students who are at different types of risk," said Cleveland. "By figuring out a way to match the intervention to the individual you can also maximize your resources for intervention."

Cleveland is continuing this work by replicating the results among another sample of college students and is also using the same methods to study the drinking behaviors of young adults who are not attending college.

Also working on this research were Stephanie T. Lanza, scientific director and senior research associate at the Methodology Center and research associate professor of health and human development; Kimberly A. Mallett, clinical director of Alcohol and Skin Cancer Projects and research associate professor at the Prevention Research Center; and Anne E. Ray, now at the Sensation and Emotion Laboratory at the Center of Alcohol Studies at Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey.

The National Institute on Drug Abuse and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism both supported this research.

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Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/~3/79ngiJPWG4U/120130131204.htm

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